Draft and buffing rigging.



No. 690,265. Patented nec. 3|, 19m. n. n. GALLAGHEH, 1R.

DRAFT AND BUF-FING R'IGGING.

(Application led Aug. 26, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model Patented Dec. 3|, |90l.

3 Sheefsv-Sheei 2.

/A hm Q l Mv V Q@ \\w\\\ b N (Application lea Aug. 2u, 1901.)

R D GALLAGHER .In

DRAFT AND BUFFING HIGGINS.

umA Model.)

No. 690,265. Patented Dec. 3l, I90I.

R. D. GALLAGHEI,-Jjl. DRAFT AND- BUFFING RIGGING.

(Application faxed Aug. 2e, 1901.) (Nu Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Y l MHZ.

n l ww UNITED STATES' RICHARD D. GALLAGHER, JR.,OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD COUPLER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATIONO F NEV JERSEY.

DRAFT AND BUFFINGIRICGGING.

SPECIFICATION forming .pare ef Letters Patent'Ne. 690,265, datedDecember 31, 1901.

Application tiled August 26,1901.

To (bun/72,0771, it may concern: g

Be itknown that LRICHARDD. GALLAGHER, j Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Draft andBulfing Rigging; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the 1oaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to thefigures of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in rigging designed'to yield andtakeup strains i5 of parts moved by heavy pressure, the type of riggingbeing well exemplitied in my prior patent, No. 677,654, and in mycontemporaneous applications,Serial Nos. 73,287and 73,288.

The present invention is designed as anim- 'zo provem'ent upon thestructures setforth in the above-mentioned patentand applications, theinvention, however, being applicabfe to any draft-rigging involving theuse of friction elements having wedgng friction-faces forcausingamovement of one ofthe elements with relation to the other.

The invention consists, broadly stated, in forming the friction-faceswhich coperatein givingthe relative movements ofthe elements 3o in theform of spirals -or curving aboutan axis, wherebyv the structure may beconveniently made in cylindrical form and thestrains distributed moreuniformly in parts better adapted to withstand such strains than incorresponding parts as heretofore constructed.

The invention consists, fnrther,in certain novel details ot'construction and combinations and arrangements of parts,`all as will behereinafter described, and pointed out par- 4o ticularly in the appendedclaims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection through a rigging embodying the present improvements. Figs. 2,3, and tare perspective views of the friction elements of the `structureshown in Fig. -1. Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 and showing asomewhat different arrangement of the friction elements. Fig. Gis asection on the line was, Fig.

5o 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing areverse Serial No. 773.289.(No modell arrangement of the elements shown in Fig. Fig. 8 is asectional view on the liney y, Fig.

7. Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional views, Fig. 9 being one-half inelevation and showing reverse arrangement of modified forms of fric 55tion elements. Fig. l11 is an end elevation, looking into the structureshown in Fig. 9,with the follower-plate and one of the wedge membersremoved. Fig. 12 is a perspective View of one of said wedge members.Fig. 13 is a 6o side elevation of still another form of rigging, theinternal arrangement of the friction elements being shown partly brokenaway and in section and partly in dotted lines; and Figs.

14e, 15, 1G, and 17 are'views of said elements. 65 Fig. 18 is adiagrammatic projection of the elements, showing their relativearrangement and cooperation. Fig. 19 is a sectional View illustratingstill another arrangement of the elements; and Figs. 20, 21 o" and 23are -7o views of such elements, Fig. 21 being an end elevation oftheelements shown in Fig. 19 with two of the wedge-blocks removed. Fig.

24 is a diagrammatic projection of one-half of the device, illustratingthe relative arrangement and action of the elements of the structureillustrated in Fig. 19.

Like numerals of reference in the several gures indicate the same parts.

In carrying the present invention into prac- 8o tice and with a view ofpermitting of the utilization of circular casings and circulararrangements of elements said elements are formed with theirfrictionfaces spiral or conforming to spirals about a common axis. Withsuch an arrangement of the frictionfaces it is obvious that one or moreof the elements will travel around the axis in the operation of thepart's, and it is also obvious that, broadly, this arrangement of thefric- 9o tion-faces may be carried into effect with a large number ofdifferent structures. For instance, the friction-faces of the elementsdescribed in my before-mentioned patent and applications may beprojected in the form of spirals or arranged about a common axis, so asto secure the advantages incident to such an arrangement and as claimedherein.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, it will be seen that thedraft-bar and its roo lIO yoke orstrap, (numbered 1 and 2,) whichmembers will be hereinafter referred to as the "pressure-transmittingmember, cooperate with follower-plates 3 3, between whichfollower-plates the yielding pressure-resisting member or spring 4 andthe friction elements themselves are arranged. In the form illustratedin the figures referred to the friction 'elements consist of a wedgingmember and two cooperating members. The wedging member is'operated uponby one of the other members and in turn itself operates upon the thirdmembeig'so as to advance the third member in proportion to the advanceof the Wedging member and the movement imparted thereto by the'frstmember. This general proposition follows true in all the formsillustrated in the accompanying drawings; but in the particular figuresunder consideration the wedging element 5 is formed with right and leftspirals 6 and 7, respectively, one of said spirals being located withinor being of less diameter than the other. The outer one, 8, of thecooperating elements is provided with a spiral friction-face 9, adaptedto cooperate with the spiral friction-face 7 of the wedging element, andthe other element, 10, is provided with a spiral friction-face 11,adapted to cooperate with the spiral friction-face 6 of the Wedgingelement. Said elements S and 10 are adapted to move longitudinally onewithin the other and are held against relative rotation by a key orspline 12,7working in a corresponding keyway or groove. With such anarrangement it is obvious that if the wedging element be moved inwardlyand one ofthe cooperating elements be held against such movement theother element will be advanced by reason of the action of the spiralfaces more rapidly than the inward movement of the wedging element. Inthe construction shown the element S is in the form of a casing whichincloses the 'spring 4, while the element 10 restsagainst the forwardend of said spring, and consequently if the wedging element o be movedinwardly by bufting strains applied to the follower-plate 3 or thepressure-transinitting element itseif, against which said wedgingelement may rest,

said wedging elem e'nt will be driven inwardly,

and sliding with a rotary motion down the ineline 9 will advance theelement 10 against the tension of the spring 4, and by reason of thefriction of said faces and the wedging action of the parts will vastlyaugment the resistance of the spring 4. Strain in an opposite directionapplied to the rear end of the casing 8 will cause a similar movementand compression of the spring 4 by forcing the element 10 rearwardly.The element 10 may be termed the follower, and it is obvious that thearrangement may be duplicated at both ends of the rigging,if sodesired,in which instance the spring would be conlned between twofollowers 10 instead of between one of said followers and the rearfollower-plate 3, as illustrated in Fig. 1. To provide foralimiteddirect compression of the spring,whereby yward the left in Fig. 5.

forms a stop for one of said elements, may

have a limited free longitudinal playas indicated,for instance, by thespace 12S-between the rear end of the casing 8 and the followerplate 8at the rear end of the rigging.

It will be understood,of course,that the follower-plates or theirequivalent elements are adapted to be mounted between the drafttimbersor other car-framing, as is usual in apparatusof this type, and suchparts of the draft-timbers or car-framing as indicated diagram maticallyin the drawings at 14. Should wear occur between the friction-faces ofthe elements,it is obvious that it may be compensated for by adj ust-ingthe elements 8 and 10 as will now be described .in connection with Figs.5 and G.. In said Figs. 5 and@ the right and left spirals are made inthe form of threads upon the interior and exterior of an element 15,against which the spring4 abuts. Coperating with the interior spirals ofthe member 15 are cooperating spiral inclines 16 on an element 17, whichis adapted to be advanced by the pressure-transmitting member underpressurein one direction or to be held against movement when pressurelis applied in the other direction. Cooperating with the exteriorspirals of the element 1o is the spiral 18 of the element 19. Theelements 17 and 19 are held against independent rotation, but

permitted to move longitudinally with respect to each other by means ofkeys andkeyways 20, which may, if desired, be arranged in successiveorder around the entire interior of the casing 2l, which forms a part ofor is connected to move with the element 17. The opposite end of thespring abuts against a follower 22, which follower 22 is connected withthe element 19 by shoulders 23, whereby said spring may be put undercompression by a movement of said element 19 to- Longitudinal movementof the element 15 in a direction to compress the spring is prevented bya stop or support 24, which, however, preferably has a limited movementfor direct compression of the spring, as before explained, and whichstop for convenience may abut against a followerplate 25 at the rear endofthe rigging. The element 17 may be connected with the casing 2l by aseries of keys and keyways 26, Fig. 6, wherebyit may be adjusted in itsrotary position. In operation pressureapplied to the element 17 advancesthe same and causes IOO IIO

a rotation of the element l5, inasmuch as said element 15 cannot advancefarther than the limited movement before referred to, and by therotation of said element 15 (which ele- -ment constitutes 'a wedgingmember) the elcment 1 9 is moved reversely and compresses the spring 4from the rear end. Under pressure applied in the opposite direction tothe follower-plate 25 the preliminary movement will be applied directlyto the spring through the follower 22; but when said follower-plate 25comes in contact with the support 24 and advancesy the wedging elementthe latter will be caused to rotate by reason of its engagement with theVspiral 16 and in so rotating it will advance the element 19 morerapidly, thereby compressing the spring in the same direction as in thefirst instance.

The structure shown in Fig. 7 corresponds closely to that shown in Fig.1, save that the spirals instead of being formed on the forward face ofthe wedging member are formed on the interior and exterior surface,respectively, of the same and the inner cooperating memberis heldagainst longitudinal movement and the outer cooperating member moveslongitudinally to compress the spring. In said Fig. 7 the numeral 27indicates the wedging member, having on its interior face spiralinclines 2S and on its exterior face spiral inclines 29. The inclines 28cooperate with corresponding inclines on an element 30, having anextended pin or support adapted to abut against a follower-plate 32 toprevent longitudinal movement of said element 30, save to a limitedextent,for the purpose before explained. Surrounding the wedging element27 is another cooperating element 33, having interior inclines orspirals cooperating with the inclines 29, and the spring 4 is confinedbetween the element 33 and the follower-plate 32. The two elements 30and 33. are held against rotation with respect to each other by keys andkeyways formed on the stem 3l and lower portion of the element 33, asindicated at 34 in Fig. 8; but said elements are free to movelongitudinally Vwith respect to each other. lVith such constructionpressure applied to the followerplate 3 advances the friction elementsas a body until the movement of the element 30 is arrested, when if afarther advance takes place the wedgingmember 27 is caused to traveldown the incline on the member 30 and by its rotation advances theelement 33 more rapidly or at a differential speed with respect to thefollower-plate 3 and other-wedging elements, thereby compressing thespring and augmenting the resistance by the friction and wedging actionof the inclines.

In Figs. 9 and 10 structures are shown wherein the wedging member isdivided into two parts movable with respect to each other, and it isobvious that said wedging member may be divided into as many parts asdesired, and the inclines on said parts may be arranged'to opposethevrotation of the coperating elements, whereby a balance in rotativeeort is secured and no special provision for preventing the rotation ofsaid other cooperating elements with respect to each other need beprovided.

Referring to Fig. 5, the elements 35 and 36 correspond to the elements 8and 10, respectively, in Fig. 1; but instead of a single ineline orspiral being formed on each of said elements there are two spirals orinclines formed on each of said elements and arranged in oppositedirections-that is to say, on each element there is a right and leftspiral.. Wedgin g elements (illustrated in perspective in Fig. 12 andnumbered37) are provided with right and left spiral i-nclines 38 and 39,and these right and left spiral inclines cooperate with the spiralinclines on the elements 35 -and 36. Two of the wedging elements 37 areprovided, and the inclines are so arranged that thewedgving elementsrotate toward. and from each otherwhen moving in one direction or in theother, as will be readily understood from Fig.l

11, where one of said elements 37 is shown in position and the positionof the other is indicated by the dotted line 40, and said elements moveunder the influence of pressure in the direction of the arrows in saidFig. 1l,sliding down the inclines 41 on the element 36 and forcing. theelement 35 forwardly by coperating with theincline 42 thereon, as willbe readily understood. The element 36 is supported by the casing 43,adapted to abut against the follower -plate 44, corresponding to thefollower-plate 3 of Fig. 1, and the wedging members preferably restagainst a follower-plate 45, corresponding to the other of saidfollowerlowed between the casing 43 and follower 44 Yfor directcompression of the springunder minor strains. The operation is inallrespects similar to the operation of the device illustrated in Fig.1, save that by the employment of a divided wedgin'g member the twoportions of said member exert equal but opposing rotative efforts on thecooperating members and so counteract any tendency of said members torotate with respect to each other.

In Fig. 10 the construction of the friction element is similar to thatdescribed and illus trated in Fig. 9 and the same numerals of referenceare applied thereto; but in this figure the inner element 35 is heldagainst longitudinal movement by a supporting-stem 46, and

the spring is confined between the outer element 36 and the rearfollower-plate 44. The operation is similar to that before described,save that the outer one of the friction ele- IIO ments is advanced tocompress the spring in- A stead of the inner one.

In Figs. 13 to 18, inclusive, a structure is oppositely-direeted spiralinclines 4S and 49, respectively. The outer coperating element 50 isprovided with two inclines 51, directed downwardlyin the samedirection-"say in the form of a left-hand screw-and the innercooperating element 52 is provided with two irithe parts to be assembledwith the stem in lis the central opening fL of the member 50. Theinclines 4S on the wedging member cooperate with the inclines 53 on theinner cooperating member, and the inclines 49 on the wedging membercoperate with the inclines V51 on the outer cooperating member. vTheinelines 51 and 53 are formed on projections on the respective members,and the rear faces of said projections are arranged in straight linesand are adapted to contact and slide onev upon the other, as indicatedclearly at 54 in the diagrammatic illustration Fig. 18. This figureillustrates the relative arrangement and action of the several elementsof the device, but does not show the spiral vconformation of thefriction-faces, being simply diagrammatic iu order that the operationwill be more readily comprehended. As the member 47 advances it-willslide down the incline 51 and force the inclines 53 forwardly, inasmuchas saidinolines 53 are prevented from moving in any other direction bythe straight faces of the projections at 54, and thus the member 52,upon Vwhich the inclines 53 are mounted, will be advanced against thetension of the spring, the member 50 being held against saidlongitudinal movement by the casing 55, corresponding to the casing 8 inFig. 1. The same looseness or limited play may be allowed `between thecasing 55 and rear follower-plate 56 as in the former instances, and thepressure-transmitting member may cooperate with said plate 56 and with aforward follower-plate 57, as heretofore.

The structure shown in Figs. 19 to 24, in-

elusive, corresponds closely to the structure shown in Figs. 13 to 18,inclusive, save that the wedging member is sectional, in which respectit corresponds to the structure shown in Figs. 9 to 12. In said Figs. 19to 24 the elements which cooperate with the wedging elements areprovided with oppositely-directed inclines which counteract the rotativeeffort before referred to, as will be readily understood from thediagrammatic illustration Fig. 24. The wedging element is shown in theform of separate blocks 58, each having oppositely-directed spiralinclines 59 and 60. The outer coperating element 61 is provided withoppositely-directed inclines 62, adapted tocoperatc with inclines 59 onthewedging v elements', respectively, while the inner coperating element63 is provided with oppositely-directed inclines 64 and, with which theinclines on the wedging elements cooperate. In this form of device theinner element G3 has a' limited longitudinal movement, and the spring 4is confined between the outer elements 61 of the device, there being aduplicate `arrangement of the friction elements at each end ofthespring. itation of the movement referred to may be secured by allowingsaid inner element 63 to abut against one or the other of followerplates66 at ,each endiof the rigging whenY tension of the spring, saidfriction elements.

augmenting by their wedging and frictional resistance the vpower of thespring to resist bufling or draft strains.

In all the apparatus described the incohanism is double-acting, so tospeak-that is to say, it. will operate to resist strains in eitherdirection with equal facility-and in every instance the frictionelements are arranged iri circular sequence and around a common axis,with which construction it is found most convenient and desirable toemploy spiralfriction-faces, and while I have specifically described anumber of different forms of mechanism to which the invention is appliedit is to be understood that the invention is capable of a much widerrange of application than set forth herein, and hence I do not wish tobe restricted to the specific forms illustrated.

.Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a rigging such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit; a pressure-transmitting member, a yield ingpressure-resistir; g member and a friction device interposed betweensaid members and embodying three elements movable with relation to eachother and two of which cooperate under the iniiuence of thepressuretransmitting member to produce a movement of the third in adirection to compress the yielding member and all of said elements beingcircularly disposed about a central axis; substantially as described.

2. In a rigging such as described, the conlbination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit; a.pressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure-resisting member and afric- Ation device interposed betweensaid members The limp IOC and embodying three elements each having aninclined f rietion-face each circularly disposed about a common axis,each movable with relation to the other and two of which coperate underthe iniiuence of the pressuretransmitting member to produce a movementof the third in a direction to compress the yielding member;substantially as described.

3. In a rigging such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit; apressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure-resisting member arranged in alinement therewith, a frictiondevice embodying three elements movable with relation to each other andtwo of which coperate under the iniiuence of the pressure-transmittingmember to produce a movement of the third in a direction to compress theyielding member,said elements being circularly disposed about a centralaxis and a cylindrical inclosing wall; substantially as described.

4. In a rigging, such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit; a pressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure-resistin g member arranged in alinement therewith threecireularly-disposed friction elements interposed between said membersand having cooperating inclines, one of said elements being movable withthe pressure-transmitting member, another with the resisting member andmeans for arresting the movement of the third of said elements whereby adiderential movement of the other two element-s is secured;substantially as described.

5. In a rigging, such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit; a pressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure resisting member and a friction device interposed between saidmembers and embodying three elements each having an inclined spiralfriction-face, each movable with relation to the other one of saidelements engaging the pressure-transmitting member, another the yieldingmember and the third forming the connection between the twofirstmentioned elements and whereby the movement of one is imparted tothe other, substantially as described.

6. In a rigging such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit: a pressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure-resisting member, friction elements located between saidmembers and through the relative movement of which elements the movementof one of said members is imparted to the other, said elements havingspiral friction-faces through the coperation of which the movement ofone of said elements is imparted to another with means for holding twoof said elements against relative rotary movements, while thecooperating element is permitted a rotary movement with relation to saidtwo elements; substantially as described.

7. In a rigging such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to'wit: a pressure-transmitting member, a yieldingpressure-resisti ng member, three f riction elements interposed betweensaid members, one of said elements having oppositelydirected spiralinclines thereon, and each of the other elements having a spiral inclinesaid inclines cooperating respectively with the spiral inclines onthetirst-mentioned element; substantially as described.

8. In a rigging such as described, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, to wit: a pressure-transmitting member, a Yieldingpressure-resisting member, friction elements located between saidmembers and embodying a friction element behind which the yieldingmember is confined, having a spiral-inclined friction-face, a secondfriction element having an oppositely-inclined spiral friction-face withmeans for preventing the relative rotation of said elements a thirdelement having oppositely-direeted spirally-inclined friction-facescooperating respectively with the friction-faces on the other elements.

9. In a rigging such as described, the pressure-transmitting member andthe yielding pressure-resisting member, of friction elements locatedbetween said members for transmitting the movement of one of saidmembers to the other, one of said elements engaging the yieldingresistance member and having an inclined spiral friction-face, anotherof said elements being held against movement with said first-mentionedelement and having an oppositely-directed spiral incline thereon and athird element having 0ppositely-directed inclines cooperating with theinclines on the other elements respectively, whereby differentialmovement of the elements is secured; substantially as described.

lO. In a rigging such as described, the combination with thepressure-transmitting member and the yielding-pressure-resistin gmember, of friction elements interposed between said members, two ofsaid elements having spiral friction-faces, the face on one elementinclining in the opposite direction from the face on the other, saidelements being keyed together to prevent relative rotary movements andone being held against longitudinal movements when the friction elementsare active and a third element having oppositelydirectedspiral inclinescooperating with the spiral inclines on the other elements respectively;substantially as described.

1l. In a rigging such as described, the combination with thepressure-transmitting niember and spring, of a cylindrical casinginclosing the spring and supporting an incline at one end forming afriction element, a second friction element bearing against the springand having an oppositely-direeted incline, and a wedging frictionvelement having oppositely-direeted inclines coperating with the IOC IIO

inclines on the other elements and adapted to be moved by thepressure-transmitting member; substantially as described.

12. In a rigging such as described, the combination with thepressure-transmitting member and spring, of two friction elements onenested Within the other and having oppositely-directed inclinescircnlarly arranged, one of said elements bearing against the spring,astop forlimitingthe movement of the other element and a third elementwith which the pressure-transmitting member coperates havingoppositely-directed inclines coperating respectively with the inclineson the other elements; substantially as described.

13. In a rigging such as described, the combination with thepressure-transmitting member and spring, of two friction elements onenested within the other and having oppositely-directed spiral inclines,one of said elements bearing against the spring, a stop for limiting themovement of the other element, and a third element with which thepressuretransmitting element coperates having oppositely-directed spiralinclines cooperating respectively with the spiral inclines on the' otherelements; substantially as described.

14. In a rigging such as described, the combination with thepressure-transmitting member and spring, of a friction element bearingagainst said spring and having a spiral incline thereon, a secondfriction element inclosing the first and having an oppositely-directedspiral incline, a third friction element having oppositely-directedspiral inclines thereon, and follower-plates cooperating with theopposite end of the spring and last-mentioned friction eleinentand asupport extending from the last-mentioned frictional element intoproximity to the followerplate at the opposite end of the spring;substantially as described.

15. In a rigging such as described, the cornbination with abuffing-spring and a draw-bar, of friction elements interposed betweensaid spring and draw-bar, said elementshaving friction-faces circularlyarranged and being movable as a body during preliminary springcompression and a stop for arresting the movement of one of saidelements whereby they are given vmovements with relation to each otherduring the final spring compression; substantially as described.

16. In a rigging such as described, the combination with a bnfiing anddraft spring, follower-plates and draw-bar and strap inclosin g saidplates, of friction elements interposed between one end of the springand one of the plates, one of said elements moving with onefollower-plate, one moving with the other follower-plate and one movingwith the end of the spring, one of said elements havingoppositely-directed inclines thereon and the other two, inclin esdirected respectively in opposite directions and cooperatingrespectively with the oppositely-direoted inclines on the other element;substantially as described.

17. In a rigging such as described, the combination with the bufting anddraft spring, the follower-plate and the draw-bar and strap inclosingsaid plates, of friction elements interposed between one end of thespring and one of the plates, one of said elements having a cylindricalcasing inclosing the spring and extending in proximity to the rearplate, an-

other of said elements bearing against thev forward end of the springand the third element bearing against the forward followerplate, saidelements having cooperating friction-faces whereby a limited directcompression of the spring may be effected under pressure in eitherdirection and said friction elements are operated to augment thespring-resistance during the final compression of the spring understrains in either direction; sub stantially as described.

RICHARDV D. GALLAGHER, JR.

Witnesses:

H. R. HoWENsTEIN, J. B. PEYTON, Jr.

